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Seven new
deadly sins: are you guilty?
Drug pushers, the obscenely rich, environmental
polluters and “manipulative” genetic scientists beware – you may be in danger
of losing your mortal soul unless you repent.
After 1,500 years the Vatican has brought the seven
deadly sins up to date by adding seven new ones for the age of globalisation.
The list, published yesterday in L’Osservatore Romano, the Vatican newspaper,
came as the Pope deplored the “decreasing sense of sin” in today’s “securalised
world” and the falling numbers of Roman Catholics going to confession.
The Catholic Church divides sins into venial, or less
serious, sins and mortal sins, which threaten the soul with eternal damnation
unless absolved before death through confession and penitence.
It holds mortal sins to be “grave violations of the Ten
Commandments and the Beatitudes”, including murder, contraception, abortion,
perjury, adultery and lust.
The Catechism of the Catholic Church states that
“immediately after death the souls of those who die in a state of mortal sin
descend into Hell”.
Although there is no definitive list of mortal sins,
many believers accept the broad seven deadly sins or capital vices laid down in
the 6th century by Pope Gregory the Great and popularised in the Middle Ages by
Dante in The Inferno: lust, gluttony, avarice, sloth, anger, envy and pride.
Christians are exhorted instead to adhere to the seven
holy virtues: chastity, abstinence, temperance, diligence, patience, kindness
and humility.
Bishop Gianfranco Girotti, head of the Apostolic
Penitentiary, the Vatican body which oversees confessions and plenary
indulgences, said after a week-long Lenten seminar for priests that surveys
showed 60 per cent of Catholics in Italy no longer went to confession.
He said that priests must take account of “new sins
which have appeared on the horizon of humanity as a corollary of the
unstoppable process of globalisation”. Whereas sin in the past was thought of
as being an invididual matter, it now had “social resonance”.
“You offend God not only by stealing, blaspheming or
coveting your neighbour’s wife, but also by ruining the environment, carrying
out morally debatable scientific experiments, or allowing genetic manipulations
which alter DNA or compromise embryos,” he said.
Bishop Girotti said that mortal sins also included taking
or dealing in drugs, and social injustice which caused poverty or “the
excessive accumulation of wealth by a few”.
He said that two mortal sins which continued to
preoccupy the Vatican were abortion, which offended “the dignity and rights of
women”, and paedophilia, which had even infected the clergy itself and so had
exposed the “human and institutional fragility of the Church”.
The mass media had “blown up” the issue “to discredit
the Church”, but the Church itself was taking steps to deal with it.
Addressing the Apostolic Penitentiary seminar, the Pope
said there was “a certain disaffection” with confession among the faithful.
Priests had to show “divine tenderness for penitent sinners” and admit their
own failings.
“Those who trust in themselves and in their own merits
are, as it were, blinded by their own ‘I’, and their hearts harden in sin.
Those who recognise themselves as weak and sinful entrust themselves to God,
and from Him obtain grace and forgiveness.”
The Pope also complained that an increasing number of
people in the secularised West were “making do without God”.
He said that hedonism and consumerism had even invaded
“the bosom of the Church itself, deeply undermining the Christian faith from
within, and undermining the lifestyle and daily behaviour of believers”.
Eastern Catholics do not recognise the same distinction
between mortal and venial sins as the Western or Latin Church does, nor does it
believe that those people who die in a state of sin are condemned to automatic
damnation.
The original offences and their punishments
Pride Broken on the wheel
Envy Put in freezing water
Gluttony Forced to eat rats, toads, and snakes
Lust Smothered in fire and brimstone
Anger Dismembered alive
Greed Put in cauldrons of boiling oil
SlothThrown
in snake pits
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